Oesophageal cancer
In oesophageal cancer, the food pipe (or gullet) gets progressively narrower; this causes difficulty swallowing solids and later also fluids.
Overview
In oesophageal cancer, the food pipe (or gullet) gets progressively narrower; this causes difficulty swallowing solids and later also fluids. Other symptoms include belching or hoarseness. Preventive measures include moderate consumption of alcohol, no smoking and avoidance of excess weight.
Symptoms
Main symptoms
- Difficulty/pain when swallowing (in particular solid foods, whereas mushy foods and fluids can initially still be swallowed easily)
- Chest pressure/pain behind the sternum
Other symptoms
- Weight loss
- Loss of appetite
- Vomiting
- Vomiting or spitting up blood
- Hoarseness
Causes and treatment
Causes
Risk factors include:
- Regular consumption of high-proof alcohol
- Smoking
- Repeated contact of oesophagus with stomach acid (reflux disease, belching)
Further treatment by your doctor / in hospital
Possible tests
- Endoscopy of gullet (oesophagoscopy) with simultaneous removal of a tissue sample for examination under a microscope (biopsy)
- X-ray
- CT scan (computed tomography)
- PET (positron emission tomography)
Possible therapies
- Operation (only in the early stages)
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation therapy
- Insertion of small tube into the oesophagus (stent) so that food and fluids can be swallowed again
What can I do myself?
- Avoid excessive consumption of alcohol
- Don't smoke
- Avoid being overweight
When to see a doctor?
- Difficulty/pain when swallowing
- Involuntary weight loss
- Sudden loss of appetite
Further information
Swiss Cancer League (Krebsliga Schweiz)
www.krebsliga.ch
Exclusion of liability
CSS offers no guarantee for the accuracy and completeness of the information. The information published is no substitute for professional advice from a doctor or pharmacist.